Characteristics of Weeds

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The following can be counted as some of the typical characteristics of weeds.

a) Abundant seed production

b) Rapid population establishment

c) Seed dormancy

d) Long-term survival of buried seed

e) Adaptation for spread

f) Presence of vegetative reproductive structures

g) Ability to occupy sites disturbed by human activities

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Weeds in Sri Lanka

Sedges | Weeds in Sri Lanka | Short list

No. Common Name Botanical name 17 Nut grass Cyperus rotundus 18 Forked Fimbry grass Fimbristylis dichotoma 19 Green Kyllinga Cyperus kyllingia 20 Rice flatsedge Cyperus iria 21 Small flowered nutsedge Cyperus difformis

Grass Weeds in Sri Lanka | Short List

No. Common name Botanical name 01 Summer grass Digitaria adscendens 02 Red sprangletop Leptochloa chinensis 03 Atora Panicum repens 04 Barnyard grass Echinochloa glabrescens 05 Yard grass Eleusine indica 06 Swampmillet Isachne globosa 07 Guinea grass Panicum maximum 08 Jungle rice Echinochloa colonum 09 Saramolla grass Ischaemum rugosum 10 Cogon grass Imperata cylindrica 11 Windmill grass Chloris barbata 12 Crowfoot grass Dactyloctenium aegyptium 13 Cockspur grass Echinochloa crus-galli 14 Japanese Love grass Eragrostis amabilis 15 Weedy rice

Broad Leaves | Weeds in Sri Lanka | Short List

No. Common name Botanical name 22 Caesarweed Urena lobata 23 Purple-leaved button weed Borreria ocymoides 24 Three-flowered beggar weed Desmodium triflorum 25 Asthma plant Euphorbia hirta 26 Devil’s horsewhip Achyranthes aspera 27 Common tephrosia Tephrosia purpurea 28 Wandering jew Commelina benghalensis 29 Dwarf copperleaf Alternanthera sessilis 30 Red spiderling Boerhavia diffusa 31 Hurricane weed Phyllanthus amarus 32 Black pigweed Trianthema portulacastrum 33 Hairy indigo Indigofera hirsuta 34 Ceylon slitwort Leucas zeylanica 35 Giant sensitive tree Mimosa

Aquatic | Weeds in Sri Lanka | Short List

No. Common Name Botanical name 55 Water hyacinth Monochoria vaginalis 56 Water shamrock Marsilea quandrifolia 57 Common water hyacinth Eichhornia crasspes 58 Water Spinach Ipomoea aquatica 59 Bulrush plant Typhia latifolia

A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation; a plant in the wrong place. The term weed has no botanical significance, because a plant that is a weed in one context is not a weed when growing in a situation where it is in fact wanted, and where one species of plant is a valuable crop plant, another species in the same genus might be a serious weed. There are numerous definitions of a weed, including; A plant out of place and not intentionally sown. A plant growing where it is not wanted. A plant whose virtues have not yet been discovered. Plants that are competitive, persistent, pernicious, and interfere negatively with human activity. No matter what definition is used, a weed is a plant whose undesirable qualities outweigh its good points, according to man. Our human activities create weed problems since no plant is a weed in nature. Though we may try to manipulate nature for our own good, nature is persistent. Through the manipulation proc

Disadvantages of Weeds in Agriculture

Reduce crop quality by contaminating the commodity. Interference with the harvest. Serve as hosts for crop disease or provide shelter for insects to overwinter. Limit the choice of crop rotation sequences and cultural practices. Production of chemical substances which is toxic to crop plants, animals or humans.

Benefits of Weeds in Agriculture

Despite the negative impacts of weeds, some plants usually thought of as weeds may actually provide some benefits. Some attributes include: Soil stabilization Habitat and feed for wildlife Nectar for bees Aesthetic qualities Add organic matter Provide genetic reservoir Human consumption and Provide employment opportunities

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Tharsini Puvaneswararajah